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The third century before the common era was a time of empire-making and empire-breaking especially in the western Mediterranean, where a conflict was brewing that would shape the future of the known world. |
First Punic War (264-241BC)
(- threads, 26 posts)
 Hiero II of Syracuse
Historical Thread
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"For his part Hiero, once he had placed himself under the protection of the Romans, kept them provided at all times with their essential supplies, and for the rest of his life he reigned securely over the Syracusans." Polybios, The Histories I.16
A skilled soldier and a shrewd politician, Hiero rose to prominence in Sicily through his campaigns against Italian raiders, most notably the Mamertines. After being installed as the tyrant of Syracuse, he allied himself with the Carthaginians against Messana and ultimately against Roman intervention. However, after several minor engagements with Appius Claudius Pulcher and being faced with a double consular force, Hiero surrendered in 263BC, becoming an ally of Rome. For the rest of his life he remained a staunch supporter of the Republic, providing financial and food support. His supply lines to the fronts became increasingly important in Rome's struggle with Carthage. After the surrender of the latter in 241BC, Hiero remained ruler of Syracuse as a close Roman ally and enjoyed a long life by ancient standards as he was still in power at the outbreak of the Second Punic War in 218BC. He again proved his loyalty to Rome as he sent a mercenary army and large supplies of grain to Rome during the dark times of 217 and 216BC. However, eventually death caught up with Hiero who, after fifty years as tyrant, died well into his seventies. With him perished the political stability of Syracuse. Having outlived his son, Hiero was succeeded by his fifteen-year-old grandson, Hieronymus, who 'aided' by a group of advisors, led his city down a road that was to end with the siege, capture and annexation by Rome in 212BC.
