A 13th century gold mosaic on the vaulted ceiling of the Baptistery in Florence - the only building left standing after the city was razed by in
Christ triumphant sits as divine Judge, with the Saved standing in Heaven all around, and the Damned being tortured in Hell by demons at bottom right.

Around the dark octagonal area of the lantern is a decorative band of early Christian symbols, surrounded by a decorative band of angels - mainly bodiless seraphim?. Next is a band of seven pairs of angels representing the traditional angelic hierarchies; Starting at the 5 o'clock position and reading counter-clockwise, they are: Dominations, Powers, Archangels, Angels, Principalities, Virtues, and Thrones. They flank John the Baptist (or is it Christ?) who stands between two pairs of bodiless seraphim.

Surrounding those three central circles are four more octagonal circles. In the fourth are stories, events and scenes from the Book of Genesis. In the fifth circle or band are scenes from the life of Joseph. In the 6th scenes from the Life of Jesus. And in the 7th scenes from the life of John the Baptist. Three of the last four (at far left] show Salome's offer to King Herod to bring him the head of John, his beheading as she waits to receive it, and finally her serving his head on a platter at Herod's banquet.

Below the figure of John (or Jesus) in the third circle or ring is a huge circle or tondo with a 25-foot tall figure of Christ Triumphant. His outstretched hands still show the stigmata from his crucifixion, but now they are stretched out in judgment of the saved and the damned. Directly on each side of Christ are three larger bands of the Saved, with rows of angels, saints, prophets and evangelists. and perhaps Fathers of the Church.

In the bottom row beneath the left hand of Christ is a dramatic glimpse of Hell, where we see Satan and his demons torturing the souls of the Damned - a scene that must have stuck in Dante's head when, at the end of his Inferno, he described Satan as a three-faced monster chomping on a sinner in each mouth - the worst being "Judas Iscariot: head locked inside, he flails his legs." (Canto XXXIV, lines 62-3).

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Some tips on vewing this mosaic, both in the above image and on site:

On my monitor the above image of the big mosaic on the vault is skewed some from a perfect octagon, being wider at the sides than at top and bottom.To correct this, download & rotate the image. Try doing so in any case so that you can see the various scenes with the figures upright. By doing so I found the 3 scenes of Salome and her beheading of John the Baptist, and enhanced it by viewing it through a magnifying glass. Try it. No telling what you might find!

Binoculars also help if you visit the Baptistery. And prepare to bend over backwards to save your neck as you look up at the vault; fortunately, the city provides benches you can lie on as you look up at the ceiling. Also, as an aid to photographing it, they have drawn a tiny square in the center of the floor to lay a digital camera for a time-exposure of the mosaic high overhead.