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Pe

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Horus is one of the most ancient dieties of the Ancient Egyptian religion, who appears in his earliest form in the late Predynastic Egypt. His name is believed to mean "the high" or "the far off". His earliest connections are to the sky and kingship, being the son of Hathor or Nut, as a sun god. Because the cult of Horus survived for the whole of the Ancient Egyptian civilization that extended for ten thousand years, he gained many forms and associations.

The falcon-headed diety is associated with Buto, the ancient capital of the Nile Delta in Egypt before the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. Horus of Pe's southern counterpart is the jackal-headed Horus of Nekhen, ancient Hierakonopolis ( the modern town of Kawm Al-ahmar). These two gods were known as the "Souls" of their respective towns. They symbolize the Predynastic rulers of these areas and acted as the protective ancestors of the king. The two gods were particularly associated with the coronation and jubilees of the king, in their role as guardians of the divine kingship.

In the Book of Going Forth by Day, chapter 112, it is told that Pe was given to Horus as a compensation for Set injuring his eye, but since these texts are from the New Kingdom and only some spells dating back to the Middle Kingdom, the diety that was worshipped at Pe remains obscure as nothing has so far been found of the shrine. On pure speculation until more evidence surfaces, we can say that Horus could have been worshipped here as well as at Nekhen, on the grounds that the King was considered the acclaimed personification of the "Living Horus" which is indicated from his name being inscribed with the serekh surrounded with a falcon. His epithet is also referred to in the Pyramid texts. It was probably vital for him in order to keep the two lands of Upper and Lower Egypt together as one country under one ruler, to establish himself as the "Living" ruler of both.

Wadjet Sekhmet

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