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Principality of Friesland's District of
Ljouwert
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Ancient name of Leeuwarden, in Friesland - land of the Frisians.

friesland 3 Ljouwert (Leeuwarden) the capital of Friesland, is located on the Ee River, 112 km/70 miles northeast of Amsterdam. The town, which is intersected by numerous canals, trades in grain, dairy produce, and cattle, and manufactures glass, gold and silver ware, musical instruments, and textiles. After the draining of the Middelzee fenlands in the 15th and 16th centuries, the town changed from a port to an agricultural market town. Chartered in 1435, Ljouwert was the centre of a goldworking and silverworking industry during the 16th to 18th centuries.

Many structures date from the 16th and 17th centuries, notably the brick Oldehove Tower. Recently, the remains of houses dating back to the 2nd century AD were discovered during a dig near the Oldehove. Notable buildings include the palace of the stadholders of Friesland, the Kanselarij (the former chancellery), the Waag (old trade centre of the city), the church of St. Bonifatius and the church of St Jacob. Famous natives of Ljouwert include stadtholder William IV of Orange.

Ljouwert is the site of the country's largest cattle market and on Ascension Day, the largest flower market in the Netherlands is held here.

friesland 6

The Middelzee:
The Middelzee (Dutch for "middle sea"; West Frisian: Middelsee) was the estuary mouth of the River Boorn (West Frisian: Boarn) in the province of Friesland. It ran from as far south as Sneek northward to the Wadden Sea and marked the border between main Frisian regions of Westergoa and Eastergoa. Other historical names for the Middelzee include Bordine, Bordaa, Borndiep, Boerdiep, and Bordena. Gradually the Middelzee silted up and the lands that were thus formed were called the nije lannen or "new lands". The fertile sea clay bottom is mostly used as meadow land. The border between Eastergoa and Westergoa in the former Middlezee is now drained by the River Zwette (West Frisian: Swette) which runs from Sneek to Ljouwert (Leeuwarden), but which once reached the southern edge of Het Bildt.



Sources:
Columbia Online Encyclopedia
Hutchinson Encyclopedia
Wikipedia: WikiTravel - Leeuwarden
Wikipedia - Leeuwarden

Image courtesy of Wikipedia Wikimedia Commons:
Leeuwarden Coat of Arms - in the public domain
Map of Friesland, Ljouwert by Elgiva from an original source.



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