Nakhthoreb, otherwise known as Nectanebo II, was the last truly Egyptian ruler of ancient Egypt. During the first eight years of his reign, Egypt was at peace, as the Persian powerhouse was caught up in its own difficulties. Nakhthoreb sought to bring Egypt back to old values, and promoted stability.

The first Persian expedition against Egypt in this reign, in 350 BCE, failed. However, in 343 BCE, Egypt fell, city by city, with Nakhthoreb retreating to Nubia. His fate is unknown.

There, however, is an unsubstantiated legend dating from Europe's Middle Ages that he fled to the anti-Persian Macedonia, where he became the father to Alexander the Great, behind Philip II's back.

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